One of the main ethical concerns of AI in hiring is the possibility of perpetuating and amplifying existing biases. Machine learning algorithms can only learn from the data they're trained on, so if that data contains biases, the AI system will replicate them. Tests of cognitive ability and intelligence have been found to be a reliable and valid indicator of job success in a wide variety of occupations. However, these types of evaluations can be discriminatory if they negatively affect certain protected groups, such as those defined by gender, race, age, or national origin.
If an employer uses an evaluation that has been shown to have such an adverse impact, as defined by the relative scores of the different protected groups, it must demonstrate that the evaluation methodology is related to the job and predicts success in the specific jobs in question. Another important ethical question that arises when considering AI for the workplace is the possibility of it being discriminatory. Technology bias can be created intentionally or unintentionally. AI ethics is a set of moral principles to guide and inform the development and use of artificial intelligence technologies.
Since AI does things that would normally require human intelligence, it requires moral guidelines just as much as human decision-making. Without ethical regulation on artificial intelligence, the potential of using this technology to perpetuate misconduct is high. Google, for example, has developed artificial intelligence principles that constitute an ethical charter that guides the development and use of artificial intelligence in its research and products. It is likely to be scarce, to coexist with, or to replace current systems.
Starting the healthcare era of artificial intelligence and not using AI is possibly unscientific and unethical (3). Machine learning and healthcare (ML-HCA) applications, which were considered a tempting future possibility, have become a current clinical reality following the approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of an autonomous artificial intelligence diagnostic system based on machine learning (ML). Currently, there are no well-defined regulations to address legal and ethical issues that may arise due to the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare settings. The legal and ethical issues facing society due to artificial intelligence (AI) include privacy and surveillance, prejudice or discrimination, and possibly the philosophical challenge is the role of human judgment.
Modern computing approaches can hide the ideas behind the results of an artificial intelligence system (AIS), making thorough scrutiny impossible. Various ethical and legal puzzles related to the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare. The limitation of algorithmic transparency is a concern that has dominated most legal discussions about artificial intelligence. However, in general, the main ethical issues when it comes to artificial intelligence are prejudices related to AI, concern about the possibility of AI replacing human jobs, privacy issues, and the use of AI to deceive or manipulate.
